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Jung and the Mother-Complex

 

 

Demeter's grief at losing Persephone


Carl Jung, a prominent psychologist, is known for his concept of the Mother Complex, which explores the psychological impact of the mother figure. Based on available research, it seems likely that he first wrote about this concept in 1939, in his essay "The Psychological Aspects of the Mother Archetype”. This essay was later included in his Collected Works, Volume 9, Part 1.

 


The Primary Directions (mundane) in Jung’s chart (above) in 1939 were: 

(1) directed Pluto opposite Ceres (2) directed Uranus square Ceres 

Most readers would be familiar with the story of Demeter (Ceres) and her daughter Persephone, who was abducted by Puto [1]. The myth reflects a daughter's need for autonomy, symbolizing separation from maternal influence. The story suggests that separation, though painful, is natural. Persephone's transition from Demeter's daughter to Hades' queen symbolizes the need for daughters to find their own paths. 

Jung's mother complex refers to the psychological impact of the mother on her daughter, affecting how she forms relationships, including marital choices. It appears that daughters with a strong mother complex might select a "safe" husband who resembles their mother in character or fulfills projected needs, possibly at the expense of their true love. Sometimes, the mother complex can lead to an exaggeration of the feminine side, intensifying the maternal instinct. With an almost obsessive need to have children. Later in life they may feel trapped by these patterns, having chosen safety and child-bearing over passion. 

Can it be a coincidence that Jung was writing about the “mother complex” just when his primary directions involved Uranus-Pluto-Ceres (freedom from a controlling mother)?

 

[1] https://www.bbc.co.uk/teach/class-clips-video/articles/z4hg4xs


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